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All published Bionoia articles. Filter by topic, evidence tier, study type, or tag.
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Evidence tier
38 articles of 178
Pharmacomicrobiomics of Non-Antibiotic Drugs: Mechanisms and Clinical Consequences of Gut Microbiota Alterations
HypothesisMucosa · Discovery ·
**Source:** openalex · Origin: **RO** · Caterina Dumitru, Alina Oana Dumitru, Larisa Goroftei, Elena Niculeț, Mariana Daniela Ignat · Pharmaceutics · 2026-05-26
**URL:** h…
Beyond intestinal failure: Expanding therapeutic frontiers of glucagon-like peptide-2 in gastrointestinal disease
HypothesisMucosa · Discovery ·
**Source:** openalex · Philippe Attieh, Dana Dabboussi, Wael Meraabi, Karam Karam, Rose Raymond Al Bacha · World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics · 2…
The mucin barrier — architecture
HypothesisMucosa · Architecture · mechanism_review
**Summary**
The intestinal mucus barrier is more complex than commonly described. In the colon, there are two mucin layers: an inner, dense, sterile layer firmly attached to the e…
MUC2 glycosylation — the structural key
HypothesisMucosa · Architecture · mechanism_review
**Summary**
MUC2 — the dominant secreted mucin in the colon — is not protein with sugar attached. It is, by weight, mostly sugar. Up to eighty percent of the molecule's mass is it…
FUT2 secretor status — the testable genetic variable
HypothesisMucosa · Genetic factors · mechanism_review
**Summary**
The FUT2 (Secretor) gene encodes an α-1,2-fucosyltransferase responsible for expressing ABO histo-blood group antigens on gastrointestinal mucosa and in bodily secreti…
Resolution biology — SPMs (resolvins, protectins, maresins)
HypothesisMucosa · Adjacent systems · mechanism_review
**Summary**
Conceptually one of the most important paradigm shifts in inflammation research in the past 15 years, led by Charles Serhan at Harvard. Resolution of inflammation is n…
The sepsis-permeability feedback loop
HypothesisMucosa · Mechanisms of dysfunction · mechanism_review
"Leaky gut → sepsis" is not a one-way mechanism. It is a self-reinforcing cycle.
Both leaky gut (barrier defect at intestinal surface) and gut dysbiosis are intrinsic to sepsis. W…
Ileocecal vulnerability
HypothesisMucosa · Mechanisms of dysfunction · mechanism_review
Patients with SIBO have significantly lower ileocecal pressure thresholds, prolonged small bowel transit time, and higher gastrointestinal pH compared to those without SIBO.
The s…
Butyrate and SCFAs — the central fuel
HypothesisMucosa · Microbiome interface · mechanism_review
Goblet cells and colonocytes run on butyrate as primary energy source. This is not incidental.
Butyrate serves as a key energy substrate for goblet cells producing MUC2 and protec…
Akkermansia muciniphila and the mucolytic balance
HypothesisMucosa · Microbiome interface · mechanism_review
Akkermansia muciniphila colonizes the mucosal layer of the human gut. It is particularly effective at increasing mucus thickness and improving barrier function. A. muciniphila rest…
Bile acids as signaling molecules — FXR and TGR5
HypothesisMucosa · Microbiome interface · mechanism_review
Bile acids are not just fat emulsifiers. They are signaling molecules.
The intestinal epithelium prominently expresses two key bile acid receptors — farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and…
Paneth cells and α-defensins (HD5, HD6)
HypothesisMucosa · Architecture · mechanism_review
The small intestine has its own specialized defense system: Paneth cells at the bottom of the crypts of Lieberkühn, which produce potent antimicrobial peptides — particularly HD5 a…
Mast cells and mucus hypersecretion (MCAS)
HypothesisMucosa · Adjacent systems · human_observational
Mast cell activation syndrome (MCAS) is a differential consideration in any picture combining inflammation escalation, mucus hypersecretion, and food intolerance patterns.
Mast ce…
The vagus nerve and the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway
HypothesisMucosa · Adjacent systems · mixed
The vagus nerve has anti-inflammatory properties through its afferents (activating HPA) and its efferents (the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway, CAP). The CAP inhibits pro-inf…
The glycocalyx and heparan sulfate / syndecan-1
HypothesisMucosa · Architecture · mechanism_review
A third barrier system, often overlooked in clinical discussion: the glycocalyx layer on the basolateral side of enterocytes, primarily based on heparan sulfate proteoglycans (espe…
Trefoil factors (TFF1, TFF2, TFF3) — the active repair system
HypothesisMucosa · Architecture · mechanism_review
If SCFAs fuel the goblet cells, trefoil factors are the active repair signal. These small peptides are underappreciated and directly relevant.
Trefoil peptides play important role…
Dietary emulsifiers and mucus barrier damage
HypothesisMucosa · Interventions · mixed
Specific food additives have surprisingly strong evidence for mucus barrier damage.
Consumption of generally-regarded-as-safe emulsifiers has increased, and is associated with inc…
Intestinal Ultrasound Findings and Their Prognostic Value in Early Crohn's Disease: A Copenhagen IBD Cohort Study
HypothesisMucosa · Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association ·
**Source:** [pubmed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40081637/) · [DOI](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2024.12.030)
**Authors:** Madsen GR, Attauabi M, Ilvemark JFKF, Theede K, Bje…
The effects of probiotic treatment with Bifidobacterium breve, Bif195 for small intestinal Crohn's disease and the gut microbiome: results from a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
HypothesisMucosa · Gut pathogens ·
**Source:** [pubmed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40205497/) · [DOI](https://doi.org/10.1186/s13099-025-00692-6)
**Authors:** Grønbæk IMB, Halkjær SI, Mollerup S, Hansen EH, Pa…
Intestinal ultrasound as a prognostic tool in new-onset ulcerative colitis-a Copenhagen IBD Cohort Study
HypothesisMucosa · Journal of Crohn's & colitis ·
**Source:** [pubmed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40036961/) · [DOI](https://doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjaf033)
**Authors:** Madsen GR, Wilkens R, Attauabi M, Ilvemark JFKF, The…
Efficacy of optimised thiopurine therapy in patients with moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis: retrospective long-term follow-up from two randomised trials
HypothesisMucosa · Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology ·
**Source:** [pubmed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38444060/) · [DOI](https://doi.org/10.1080/00365521.2024.2323502)
**Authors:** Mertz Nielsen A, Theede K, Gluud LL, Kiszka-Kan…
The Use and Efficacy of Biological Therapies for Inflammatory Bowel Disease in a Danish Tertiary Centre 2010-2020
HypothesisMucosa · Crohn's & colitis 360 ·
**Source:** [pubmed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36778517/) · [DOI](https://doi.org/10.1093/crocol/otac041)
**Authors:** Wewer MD, Arp L, Sarikaya M, Felding OK, Vind I, Peder…
Association Between the Clinical, Biochemical, and Endoscopic Activity of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases and Severity and Long-term Outcomes of Coronavirus Disease 2019-A Population-based Study
HypothesisMucosa · Inflammatory bowel diseases ·
**Source:** [pubmed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35325137/) · [DOI](https://doi.org/10.1093/ibd/izac052)
**Authors:** Attauabi M, Dahlerup JF, Poulsen A, Hansen MR, Vester-And…
Influence of Genetics, Immunity and the Microbiome on the Prognosis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD Prognosis Study): the protocol for a Copenhagen IBD Inception Cohort Study
HypothesisMucosa · BMJ open ·
**Source:** [pubmed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35760545/) · [DOI](https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-055779)
**Authors:** Attauabi M, Madsen GR, Bendtsen F, Wewer AV, Wilk…
Outcomes and Long-Term Effects of COVID-19 in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - A Danish Prospective Population-Based Cohort Study with Individual-Level Data
HypothesisMucosa · Journal of Crohn's & colitis ·
**Source:** [pubmed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34755858/) · [DOI](https://doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjab192)
**Authors:** Attauabi M, Dahlerup JF, Poulsen A, Hansen MR, Veste…
Low-dose azathioprine and allopurinol versus azathioprine monotherapy in patients with ulcerative colitis (AAUC): An investigator-initiated, open, multicenter, parallel-arm, randomised controlled trial
HypothesisMucosa · EClinicalMedicine ·
**Source:** [pubmed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35274092/) · [DOI](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101332)
**Authors:** Kiszka-Kanowitz M, Theede K, Thomsen SB, Bjerrum…
Prevalence and Outcomes of COVID-19 Among Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease-A Danish Prospective Population-based Cohort Study
HypothesisMucosa · Journal of Crohn's & colitis ·
**Source:** [pubmed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33035299/) · [DOI](https://doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjaa205)
**Authors:** Attauabi M, Poulsen A, Theede K, Pedersen N, Larsen …
Outcome of concomitant treatment with thiopurines and allopurinol in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: A nationwide Danish cohort study
HypothesisMucosa · United European gastroenterology journal ·
**Source:** [pubmed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32213059/) · [DOI](https://doi.org/10.1177/2050640619868387)
**Authors:** Thomsen SB, Allin KH, Burisch J, Jensen CB, Hansen S…
Optimized thiopurine therapy before withdrawal of anti-tumour necrosis factor-α in patients with Crohn's disease
HypothesisMucosa · European journal of gastroenterology & hepatology ·
**Source:** [pubmed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29975242/) · [DOI](https://doi.org/10.1097/MEG.0000000000001194)
**Authors:** Bohn Thomsen S, Kiszka-Kanowitz M, Theede K, Glu…
Point of care testing of fecal calprotectin as a substitute for routine laboratory analysis
HypothesisMucosa · Practical laboratory medicine ·
**Source:** [pubmed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29234707/) · [DOI](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plabm.2017.11.002)
**Authors:** Hejl J, Theede K, Møllgren B, Madsen KV, Heidari …
Defining success in treating patients with inflammatory bowel disease
HypothesisMucosa · Expert review of clinical immunology ·
**Source:** [pubmed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28395558/) · [DOI](https://doi.org/10.1080/1744666X.2017.1317594)
**Authors:** Theede K, Burisch J
**Venue:** Expert review o…
Randomized clinical trial: a pilot study comparing efficacy of low-dose azathioprine and allopurinol to azathioprine on clinical outcomes in inflammatory bowel disease
HypothesisMucosa · Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology ·
**Source:** [pubmed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27686002/)
**Authors:** Kiszka-Kanowitz M, Theede K, Mertz-Nielsen A
**Venue:** Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology · 20…
Fecal Calprotectin Predicts Relapse and Histological Mucosal Healing in Ulcerative Colitis
HypothesisMucosa · Inflammatory bowel diseases ·
**Source:** [pubmed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26919460/) · [DOI](https://doi.org/10.1097/MIB.0000000000000736)
**Authors:** Theede K, Holck S, Ibsen P, Kallemose T, Nordgaa…
Level of Fecal Calprotectin Correlates With Endoscopic and Histologic Inflammation and Identifies Patients With Mucosal Healing in Ulcerative Colitis
HypothesisMucosa · Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association ·
**Source:** [pubmed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26051392/) · [DOI](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2015.05.038)
**Authors:** Theede K, Holck S, Ibsen P, Ladelund S, Nordgaard-L…
The Impact of Endoscopic Inflammation and Mucosal Healing on Health-related Quality of Life in Ulcerative Colitis Patients
HypothesisMucosa · Journal of Crohn's & colitis ·
**Source:** [pubmed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25956537/) · [DOI](https://doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjv081)
**Authors:** Theede K, Kiszka-Kanowitz M, Nordgaard-Lassen I, Mert…
Increased risk of post-operative complications in patients with Crohn's disease treated with anti-tumour necrosis factor α agents - a systematic review
HypothesisMucosa · Danish medical journal ·
**Source:** [pubmed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25441731/)
**Authors:** El-Hussuna A, Theede K, Olaison G
**Venue:** Danish medical journal · 2014 Dec
**Abstract**
**Intr…
The correlation between fecal calprotectin, simple clinical colitis activity index and biochemical markers in ulcerative colitis during high-dose steroid treatment
HypothesisMucosa · Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology ·
**Source:** [pubmed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24495103/) · [DOI](https://doi.org/10.3109/00365521.2014.883427)
**Authors:** Theede K, Kiszka-Kanowitz M, Nielsen AM, Nordgaa…
Biologic therapy in inflammatory bowel disease
HypothesisMucosa · Danish medical journal ·
**Source:** [pubmed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23743116/)
**Authors:** Theede K, Dahlerup JF, Fallingborg J, Hvas CL, Kjeldsen J, Munck LK, Nordgaard-Lassen I
**Venue:** Da…