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All published Bionoia articles. Filter by topic, evidence tier, study type, or tag.
Topic
Evidence tier
11 articles of 156
Microbiota-derived butyrate inhibits colonic epithelial pyroptosis and mitigates DSS-induced colitis via interacting with aryl hydrocarbon receptor
SpeculationMucosa · Discovery · animal
**Source:** [pubmed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42177552/)
**Authors:** Zou F, Wu Z, Wang S, Xu M, Xia P
**Venue:** J Transl Med · 2026 May 23
**AI relevance (5/5):** Dire…
MUC2 glycosylation — the structural key
HypothesisMucosa · Architecture · mechanism_review
**Summary**
MUC2 — the dominant secreted mucin in the colon — is not protein with sugar attached. It is, by weight, mostly sugar. Up to eighty percent of the molecule's mass is it…
Resolution biology — SPMs (resolvins, protectins, maresins)
HypothesisMucosa · Adjacent systems · mechanism_review
**Summary**
Conceptually one of the most important paradigm shifts in inflammation research in the past 15 years, led by Charles Serhan at Harvard. Resolution of inflammation is n…
The sepsis-permeability feedback loop
HypothesisMucosa · Mechanisms of dysfunction · mechanism_review
"Leaky gut → sepsis" is not a one-way mechanism. It is a self-reinforcing cycle.
Both leaky gut (barrier defect at intestinal surface) and gut dysbiosis are intrinsic to sepsis. W…
Akkermansia muciniphila and the mucolytic balance
HypothesisMucosa · Microbiome interface · mechanism_review
Akkermansia muciniphila colonizes the mucosal layer of the human gut. It is particularly effective at increasing mucus thickness and improving barrier function. A. muciniphila rest…
Paneth cells and α-defensins (HD5, HD6)
HypothesisMucosa · Architecture · mechanism_review
The small intestine has its own specialized defense system: Paneth cells at the bottom of the crypts of Lieberkühn, which produce potent antimicrobial peptides — particularly HD5 a…
Mast cells and mucus hypersecretion (MCAS)
HypothesisMucosa · Adjacent systems · human_observational
Mast cell activation syndrome (MCAS) is a differential consideration in any picture combining inflammation escalation, mucus hypersecretion, and food intolerance patterns.
Mast ce…
The vagus nerve and the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway
HypothesisMucosa · Adjacent systems · mixed
The vagus nerve has anti-inflammatory properties through its afferents (activating HPA) and its efferents (the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway, CAP). The CAP inhibits pro-inf…
The glycocalyx and heparan sulfate / syndecan-1
HypothesisMucosa · Architecture · mechanism_review
A third barrier system, often overlooked in clinical discussion: the glycocalyx layer on the basolateral side of enterocytes, primarily based on heparan sulfate proteoglycans (espe…
Dietary emulsifiers and mucus barrier damage
HypothesisMucosa · Interventions · mixed
Specific food additives have surprisingly strong evidence for mucus barrier damage.
Consumption of generally-regarded-as-safe emulsifiers has increased, and is associated with inc…
The integrated mechanistic model
SpeculationMucosa · Synthesis · mechanism_review
When all of this is integrated, a pattern emerges that may match many escalating mucosal-disease pictures.
**The primary lesion (hypothesis):** defective mucin glycosylation — eit…